Europe of Toxic Nostalgia: Far-Right Extremism Takes to the Streets
In recent years, the European public sphere has witnessed displays where racism, xenophobia, and extremist symbols have gone beyond mere propaganda - ranging from antisemitic chants by Croatian ultras and fascist salutes in Rome to anti-immigration riots in the United Kingdom and Spain. Acts of violence, intimidation, and campaigns fueled by disinformation demonstrate how hostility toward minorities can escalate from rhetoric to action.